Hartford Courant from Hartford, Connecticut • Page 2

For three Times only. Tuefday, Thuifday and Saturday next, Ricketts' Equejbrian Circus, A few rods South of the Ferry, To-Morrow Afternoon, the 18th inftant, will be exhibited furprifing Feats of HORSEMANSHIP, On One, Two, and Three Horfcs, by Mr. J. Ii. Ricketts, Mr.

F. Ricretts, Mailer Long, bout May 1784, that 'we can charge upon Great-Britain a delinquency as to the furrendcr ofthe polls. Having now nature ef the infractions ofthe treaty of peace charged upon Great-Britain, with refpect to dates, I fhall in the next number'of this defence, trace fome inftances of infraction. The conclufions to be drawn from this comparifoii, if I miltake not, will greatly difesn-cert fome articles of the prevailing creed on this head, and go far towards confirming what wa3 preliminarily offered to evince the prudence of our Envoy in lelinquil'ning the favorite ground. CAMILLU.S.

Vuvc'f tilt juint, is the What fen-lini- man. vv.i.i; huiii.incni.nl will denv thatacom-protnitc. which fceuMS iMbftaiitially the objods i-; iiimort always preferable to war, on lu fti.iuus aiul unmanaficable a point. Riio't the principle of coniproinife. and feuds mull becom much mire deadly than thuv have heretofore been.

There would fcarce-Jv ever he room tor the adjuftinent of diflerenccs v-ithout an appeal to the fword and when drawn, it would i'eldom be fiieathed bat with the deltruc-tiouof oncor the other party. The earth now roapften itaineJ, woul'l then continually ft ream with human gore. From the fitvtation of the tiling, and of the there never could be a rational doubt that the compromiuns; plan was the only one on which the United States and Great-Britain could ever terminate their differences without war; that the ur.eltion, why was tile fir It delinquent, would ve been an eternal bar to accommodation, and tfottfeiivtcntlv that a dil'mimonof that iiucftion was to agreement. Had our envoy permitted the to be arrefted by obftinacy on this head, would have (hewn himfelt'to be the ditlom itic pedant, rather than the able nego-ti itorl and vi sild have been jnftlychargeable with to punctilio, the peace ot llis countr'-it was enough for him, as he did, to afecrtain by a difcuffion, the impoflihility ol'bnnj-in'g tlie other party to concede the point. An impartial furvcy of the real ftatc of the fatisfy candid and difcerninj men, that wsi wife and politic to difmifs it.

This (hall fce attempt id. b-jen obferved, that two breaches of the treaty ot ucace are cli.ir-.-d upon Great-Britain the carrying away of the'negroes, and the deten-tiort of the ports. It remains to inveftigate the our country have, frowi the beginning correfpon-ded with the conftruction they enforce. It is not enough for us tobepcrfuaded, that fome ofthe negociators, who i-iade the peace, intended the article in our fenfe. It is necefi'ary that it 'ihould be found in the initiument itfelf, and from the nature of it, ought to have been cxpreffed with ruel's and without ambiguity.

If there bete-' al ambiguity in fuch a cfc, the odioufne'fs ofthe tllcctwill incline the fi.ale againft. us. It does not remove the to fay, that compensation for the negroes might have been a Institute for thcthing When one parly prcmife a I'pcrihc thiini to another, nothing but the thing itfelf will fatir-i'y the prcmife. The' party to whom it is made cann.u be required to accept in lieu of'it equivalent. 1 1 follows, that coinpenfatibii for the m-jjroes would not have been a performance of tile ftipulation to forbear to carry them away, and therefore, if there be any thing odious in thefpe-eiiie thing itfelf.

the objection to the interpretation which requires is not done away by the idea of compcnfaiioii. For the articles does net admit fuch fuhftitution, and its fenfe cannot be d. lined by what it does not admit. Some Lolour to oar fenfe of the rticle refults from thcTe exprefiinns in the fame claufe, 11 leaving in all the fortification, the American attillcry that may be therein." But this cxprcflion is not of e-quivalent force to that ol' property of American vaiit.ints. Vut example, luppofe an American ihip to have been captured and condemned, it might ft ill be faidor her, in a certain fenfe, this'is an American llrip," alluding to the country of which Die had been the ihip, but it could not be laid in any fenfe of her, this fhip is American property or tlc property of American inhabi tants.

The country of wnich a thing was, may often be fed with aptnefs as a term of defcription of that thing, though it may have changed owners but the term property, which is fynonimous with oiv. ncfl.ip, can never be ufed in the prefent tenfe as defcriptive of an ownerfhip which has ceafed. Moreover, if the cxpreffions in the two cafes had been (as they are not) of'equivaliint force, it would 1 ot follow that they were to have the fame meaning in both cafes, being applied to different matters. For an odious confequence in one initance would be a real'on for rejecting a particular fenfe of 2 word or phrale, which would be proper in another to which no fuch confequence was attached. Let me now ai'k this qeliiouof any candid man.

Is our condruction ofthe article lel'pecling tltcnc- NEW, THEATRE, A II TFORD. On Monday Evening, the ltb of Aitgufl, luillbe prefented a COMEDY, called BELLES STRATAGEM. Doricourt, Mr. Hodgkinfon. Flutter, Mr.

Chambers. Sir Geo. Touchwood, Mr. King. Saviile, Mr.

Cleveland. Courtall, Mr. Martin. Villers, Mr. Carr.

Dick, Mr.Durang. And Hardy, Mr. Prigfnbre. Widow Racket, Mrs. Meimoth.

Lady Francis Touchwood, Mrs. Cleveland, Mifs Ogle, Mrs. King, Kitty Willis, Mrs. Hamilton. AndLetitiaHardyjfwi.VjaoyMrs.Hodgkiiifort End ofthe Play, a Piomhnk called The BIRD Cr TCER.

Bird Catcher, Mr. Durang, Huntfmen, Meff Wools, Lee, Miller, And Village Maid, Madame Gardie. 0 which luill lie added, a Mtlfical After Piece, celled, the CHILDREN IN THE WOOD. and Mr. dully, the Clown.

1. F- R'detts will ride a fingle Horfe in JLVJ. full fpeed, and perform fever.il plcaling Feats and Attitudes. 2. Mr.

Sully will go through his laughable Feats and Leaps on a fingle Horfe. 3. Mr. J. B.

Ricketts will enter the Circus with a great variety of modes of mounting and demounting, with and without the Bridle, in full fpeed. 4. Mr. F. Richetts will ride a (ingle Horfe, and exhibit a number of aftonifliingFeats.

5. Mr. J. B. Ricketts will ride Two Horfes in full Gallop, and perform feveral furprifing Feats and Leaps.

He will leap over a Cane forwards and backwards feveral times, and over a Carter ten feet high. 6. Still Faulting By Mr. F. Ricketts and Mr.

Sully 1 j. Mr. y. B. Ricketts rides a fingleHorfe, (landing with his Face towards the Hprfe's Tail, and plays with two Oranges'in the.

Air, then turns round, keeping up the Oranges alternately. He will likewife throw up an Orange and receive it on the point of a Fork. 8. Mr. Stilly will perform a String of Flit Flaps acrofs the Circus.

5. The Clown's Frolic between two Horfes. 10. The two flying-Mercuries by Matter Long, a Child only fix Years of Age, on Mr. y.

B.Ricietts' two Horfes in full fpecd, in the. Attitude of a Sweet little Cherub, wha Jsands tip aloft, keeping IVatch fir the Life of posr yack." 11. Mr. Sully, Mr. F.

Ri ckei 'ts, and Matter Long, will perform a great Variety of Feats of Agility on the Ground, in the Circus. 12. Mr. F. Ricketts will ride on Horfcback (landing on his Head, in full fpecd.

13. The Performance, for this Afternoon on-Iv, will conclude with the TAYLOR riding to BRENTFORD, os the Hunter and Road Hoi fe. Tickets may be had at the Office at theCircus, andatMefs'rs Hudfon Goodwin's Printing-office. Boxes One Dollar, Pitt Half aDollar. (J The performance will be varied every afternoon.

Hartford, Augull: 17, 1795. inches, and to fix the periods Uy or'thef: re: Ws'ter, Sir Rowland, Apathy, Gabriel, Mr. Hodgkinfon Mr. Cleveland. Mr.

Prigmore. Mr. Martin. Mr.Lee. ioniuc.1 oerttr 1 unpolled man tnat ot tjreat Oliver, Ruffians, McfT.

Leonard, M'Knight, Britain, as, to juftii'y our pronouncing with pofi-tivenefs that tiic carrying them away was a breach of the treaty Pomdlics, MefT. Durang, Miller, Coriflables, MefT. Wools, and Tompkins. And Lord Alford, Mr. King.

Jofephine, Mrs. Hodgkinfon. Mil's Harding, and Mil's Sully, Winnefrcd, Mrs. Hamilton, And Lady Alford, Mrs. Meimoth.

B'joh of the Songs tthe had at Miff. Hudfon and Goodwin's Price 3" Tickets and places for the Boxes to be. had at the Theatre, of Mr. Gill, Box-Office keeper. Alfo Tickets at 'Meffi'rs Hudson and Goodwin's, Printers.

As the doorkeepers will be prohibited in the trifteft maimer from taking money at the doors, it is hoped every vifitor of the Theatre will fup-ply themfelves with Tickets. The doors will be opened at fix and the performance csmmence precifely at feven o'clock. Ladies and Gentlemen are rcqucfted to fend their fervants by five at farthest, to keep places in the boxes. Boxes, one dollar. Pit, three quarters, and Gallery, half a dollar.

Young Gentlemen, np to 14 years of age, and young Ladies up to is, will be admitted to any part of the Koufe At Half Price. Mights of performance will be. on Mondays, Wednefdays and Fridays. ll-vat Refpublica. BISSELL, TUDOR Es5 Co.

At their Store in Eafl Windfvr, HAVEjuft received a genteel afXortment of European and India GOODS, confiding of Chintzes and Calliopes, chintz and purple Shawls, Sattins, Luteftrings, Modes, Sarcenets, Perfians, Bandannoes, Barcelona, Policat, and RomaH Handkerchiefs, clouded, ftriped, and plain Nankeens, jaconet and book Mullins, and Mullin Handkerchiefsall prices, Broadcloths and Cafimeres all colours and qualities, black and white Laces and Edgings, together with almoft every article in the dry good line. additional fupply of Groceries, Hard and Cutlery Ware, Crockery, Ruflia Iron, German and Blif-tered Steel, all offered on as low -terms as at any Stcre.in this (late, and many articles much lower than ufual. Eaft Windfor, Aug. 6. NORMAN MITH, Saddler, CONTINUES the Saddling bufmefs fix rods North of the Court-Houfe, where may be had Ladies and Gentlemen's Saddles of the firit kind for eafe and beauty.

Alfo, HarnefTes, Caps, Holfters, and Perfian Hatr Cafes, warranted for their genuinenefs. Wanted, a lively active Boy of 14 years of. age as an apprentice to the above bufmefs. One from the country will be preferred. Hartfordj Aug.

15. tlu-v car. lain to nave happened. As to the nj gross, the true fenfe of tile article in rite treaty of peace, 'which thsra is dlfpii- The words of the avrfA.t. 7.) that his Britannic Mjjelly with all convenient faced, and without cauling any dcftmcV.cn orcar-jyinjaivay any aegrocJ or 'other property of the American 'inhabitants, withdraw all his armies, gatrifons and floors, from the United Stages." Tiiefe terms admit of two cor.itrufuiuns one, tint no negroes, or other articles, which had been nterican property fhould be c.v.

tied away, the 0-ther, that the' evacuations were to be made, deprcJ.nh.; confcuuently that no new deftruc-tion was tube committed, and that negroes, or o-Jher articles, which at the time of the ct' continued lobe the property of American inhabitants, unchanged the operations of'war, lheuid be forcborr.e to be carried away. The firft is the conftrudtion which was adopted by this country, and the laft is that infiftcd upon by Great-Britain. The arguments which fupport her conftruclion are thefe I. The cftablifh'ed laws of war give to an enemy the life and enjoyment, during the war, of real property, of which he obtains poffeffion, and the absolute ownerfhipof all ptrfor.al property whicli falls into his hands. The latter is called booty, and, except fhips, becomes veiled in the captors the mo-ment they axquire a firm poffeffion.

With regard Jo fhips, it feems to be a general rule of the marine law. that condemnation is necefi'ary to the complete inveftment of the property in the captor. I I Negroes; by the laws of the States, in which flavn-ry is allowed; are pcrfonal property. They therefore, on the principle of thole laws, like hor-fes, cattle, and other moveables, were liable to become booty and belonging to the enemy as loon as they came into their hands. Belonging to him, he was free either to apply them to his own ufe, to let them at liberty.

If he did the latter, the grant was irrevokable, restitution was impof-fibie'. in the laws of nations, or in thofe of Great-Britain, will autiiorife the rcfumption of liberty, once granted to a human being. III. The negroes in qucftion were either taken in the courfe of military operations, ojthey joined the Britifli army upon invitation by proclamation. However uhhonorable to Great-Britain the latter may have been as an illiberal fpecies of warfare, There is r.o round to fay that ti-ieitrict rules of war did not warrant it, or that the effect was not in the one cafe as well as in the other, a change-of property in tl.e tliinj.

IV. Tire ftipulation relates to negroes or other property ofthe Air.eticar. inhabitants; putting negroes on the fame footing with any other article. The charactered ic ofthe lubject of the ftipulation being property of American inhabitants, whatever had foil that'eharafter ca'uld not be the object of the ftipulation. But the negroes in qucftion, by the laws of war, had loft that character they were therefore not within the ftipulation.

Why did not the United States demand the fur-render of captured vefl'els, and of all other moveables which had fallen into the hands ofthe enemy The anfwer is, becaufe common fenfe would have revolted againft fuch a conftrudtion No one could believe that an indefinite furrender of all the fpoils or booty of a feven year's war was ever intended to beftipulatcd and yet the demand for a Jiorfe, or an ox, or. a piece of furniture, would lavebeen ascompletely within the terms negroes and other as a negro confe-quently the reaforiing which proves that one is not included, excludes the other. The lilemsc ofthe United States, as to every 0-ther article, is therefore a virtual abandonment of Shat fcr.fe of the ftipulation which requires the fur-render of negrees. V. In the interpretation of tteaties, things odious or hinnarul are to be The abandonment of negroes, who had been induced to quit their maiterson the faith of official proclamations, promifing them liberty, to fall again under the yoke of their matters, and into flavery, is as idiom and immoral a thing as can bcconccived.

It is 0-ciious. not only as it impofes an act of pctfidy oil one of thecontrricting parties but as it tends to brinj back to iVrvitude, men once made fiec-. The general humanity confpire with the obligation which Great-Britain had contracted Towards the ne'oes, to repel this cor.ftructior. of tire eit 7. -if another cafe be found.

Yi. Jjt another and I efs exceptionable in confidering the claul'e as in-1'ertcd, for greater caution, to fee. 'he cvac: -it U'ircr't depredation It may he iiufwcred, that th.is wa fupevhuous, becaufe h.aving ceaf-c-d, the to furrendcr implied of itfelf, that it was to be done without dupreda lion. to tiii tiie rejrly thai a part of the claul'e mani -leftly plater, the cafe of new depredations, and provides a it, in the prcmife that the evaluations li'iajl iie made without c.itf.ng aKY dfj.i rciion. lo caufo deftruciion is to tlo fome iev.r art of This reflection deftroys drawn the fupcriluoufnefs of the in thr' fenfe here given to it, and by Ir.cv.'in that ir intiit fuch a fenfe in one parr, tiic cr.ncluiion, that the remainder of tUe claufo hat 1 fenfe.

Tht connexion of the two tliirr, as parts ofone fentencc, confirms this hi ferenrr. heiV have great wcigtitand do not of refutation. It is a fact too, that the i.pinistio of fonte of tlia ablcft lawyers of A By JOSEPH LYNDE, A Few quarter Cherts Bohea Tea of afuperior quality Hyfon and Souchong do. A few cafksof Rnifins St. Croix and Jamaica Rum per hhd.

Wines, Brandy, and other Spirits MolafTes per hhd. Loaf and Lump Sugar, Chocolate, Coffee, Turkey Figs, Citron, Spice of every kind, Engiifn Milliard, EiTtnce of Spruce, Starch, Cod-filh per quintal, Salt, Tobacco per cwt. or roll, Smift" per cwt. or bladder, Holland and A-merican Powder, Patent and common Shott all fizes, Sheet and Bar Lead, Window Glai's, Spermaceti Oil for Lamps, with almoft every other article in the Grocery line. White Lead in fmall and large calks, with many other kinds of Paints, Linfeed Oil and Brufhes.

A general afTortment of Drugs and Medicines, Dying Materials, AHoufe in a central part of this city to be let to a neat and quiet family. Enquire of Joseph Lynde. Hartford, Aug. 17. BROKE into the incloftfre of the fubferiber on the 27th of June, a red and white yearling Heifer, no mark on the ear.

Whoever DWBsfaid Calf, may prove property, pay charges and take her away. Suffield, July 23. JOHN GRAHAM. To me it appeals clear, that this mutt be con-fidered, fpeaking favourably for us, as a veiy doubtful point, and that we cannot with confidence predicate a breach of tiic treaty by Great Britain upon this event, if it was one it in May, 1 783. The affair ofthe Weftcrn Toils is row to be examined that the detention vi them, after the proper point of time foi deliveiing them a breach nf the treaty, will net bear a difpute.

But what that proper time was, is a ferious quefl-ion between the parties. Our government has contended, that the pofts ought to have been i'urrendered with all convenient fpecd after the praviiional treaty took cfieft--And Mr. Jeffsrfon, who is much cited on the occalion, has flicwn, by an ingenious and elaborate deduction of circumitances, that this was not only not done, but never intended. But Mr. TcfFerfon has not even difcufl'edthe quef-tios, whether the provisional or the definitive treaty was the act from which the obligation to perr form was to date.

This is an important omiffion', for Great-Britain affirms the definitive treaty to be the criterion. As an original queftion much might be faid on both fides. The natural relation ofthe terms pro. -Jijionsil or and definitive fcems to exhibit the former as iuchoate and imperfect, and to refer to the latter the conclufive obligatory force aad legal perfection. There is loom, therefore, to fay, that all but the mere ceflation of hoftilities, or for the execution of which there is no prccifc point of time fixed in preliminary articles, is referred to the definitive treaty.

On the other hand it may be argued that a preliminary treaty is as much a national treaty as a definitive one, both being made by an equal and the competent authority, and that there is no god reafon why thofe things which are fufliciently regulated by the preliminary, fhould not go into immediate and complete effect, equally as if regulated by the definitive treaty, or why the latter fhould be con lick-red as a-ny thing more than an inftrument for ailjufting points which may have been left open by the preliminaiy articles, and for giving more perfect form. Accordingly there are -examples of preliminary treaties going into mutual and full execution, though never followed by definitive treaties. But, however this queftion may have flood on principle, the conduct of our government in the particular cafe has fettled it againfl us, and has csmpletely functioned the doctrine of Great-Erit-ain. If performance was to date from the provifional articles, this applies as well to us as to Great-Britain. It was incumbent upon Congrefs to have notified the treaty with the proper folemm'ties to the different States anrf their citizens; to have made the recommendations ftipulated in the fifth article, and to have enjoined the obfervar.ee of all thofe tilings which were promifed on our part.

The nature of fome of thefe ftipulations rendered, it particularly urgent that no time fhould be loft. But all was deferred till after the ratification in this country of the definitive treaty. The 1 jth day of January, 17S4, is the date of the act which attempts to carry the treaty into effect on our part. This then is a practical felllenient. by ourfelvcsof the principle that performance was to date from the definitive treaty.

It is r.o objection to the pofition, that our fca-porrs were previonfly evacuated that was matter of mutual convenience, and though done docs not change tiic flatc oi fleili i.blition bctwen the parties. Even in tiic view of liberal and conciliating procedure, the prompt furrendcr of cur fca-ports aie for obvious rcafons, very different tl.ftigs. But our dilemma is this, if the delay of orders for evacuating the wcitern pofts, previous to the ratification ofthe definitive treaty, was on the part of Great-Jh itaiu a bicach of treaty, our delav to aCt upon the points ftipulated by us till after that ratification, muft have been equally a breach of treaty and it muft have bocn at leaft c-temporary with any breach th.t could have been committed by Great. Britain. Wc are compelled then by our own example to agree with Grekl-Britain that the was not obliged to furrendcr the weltern ports till after the mutual ratification ofthe definitive treaty, and to abandon the fupcrftruclurc, however foothing to our wifh-cs, which has been reared upon a different foundation.

Iffo, we muft look to the period ofthe exchange of the ratification in Europe for the date of the orders, for evacuating. 1 have not in iny pcfiefiion materials for fixing with accuracy that period, but confidciing the rimeof the ratification here, and the time of its probable arrival in England, we are carried to the latter end of April 0r beginning of May, 1754; fo that it is got till a. ARTIFICIAL TEETH. DR. SKINNER refpeftfully informs the public, that he pofitively fetts off on his return heme to New-York on Saturday the aad inft.

thofe perfons who wifh to avail themfelves of his afiiftznee, muft apply previous to that period, otherwife they inevitably lofe the opportunity. Hartford, Auguft 17, 1795. N. B. A generous price will be given for Hu-, man front Teeth that are perfectly found.

TAKEN damage fcafant, and impounded in the Town of Berlin, a black Mare Colt, two years old pad, a fmall blaze in her face, which makes but little appearance, branded A on the left thigh, and will be fold as the law directs on the 24th inftant. JAMES NORTH, Conflable. Berlin, (New-Britain,) Auguft 13, 1795. FOR SALE, A REAL GOOD new (landing top CHAISE, with Harnefs compleat, for cafli or fhort credit. Enquire of EPAPHRAS SEYMOUR.

Hartford, Auguft 16, 1795, WE the fubferibers being by the Hon. Court ofProbateforthediflria of Farmington appointed ConimilTioncrs to receive, examine and adjuft the claims ofthe creditors ofthe ellate of Mr. Benjamin Robards, late of Briftol and fix months being allowed from the date hereof by faid Court to faid creditors to exhibit their claims notice is hereby given that the fubferibers will attend oh faid bufi-1 the firft Monday in September and Novembernext, at one o'clock in the afternoon of faid days, at the houfc of the deceafed in Briftol. All accounts muft be properly attefted or not allowed. Afa David Mark's.

Briftol, yuly 6, 1795. ALL thefe indebted to faid eft ate are deft red to make immediate payment, to Elher Robards, AdmimfiratH-c, 'ihofe gentlemen who were obliging enough to -receive Subscription papers for the late Prefident Edwards's Farewell Sermon, are requefled to return them to the Editors by the firft private conveyance, that, they may determine whether to prcfecuic. tbc work. Daniel Boardman Henry Hunt, Under the Firm of I BOARDMAN and HUNT, Attheir Stare No. 184, WaterStreet, ifeo-W, TfT AVE received by the Ships Ohio, Elice and -O.

Hope from London, and Port Mary from Liverpool, a handfome alfortment of SRING GOODS, all felefted by one ofthe partners on the belt? terms which they are determined to fell very low for Caib. or approved Notes thirty or ninety days. New-York, May 23. Department of War, ftsly 12, 1795. INFORMATION is hereby given, ta all the Mi l-itary Invalids of the United States, that the films to which they arc entitled for fix months of their annual pcnCon, from the 4th of March, 1795, and which will become due on the fifth of September next, will be paid on that day by the Coinmiffioners of Loans, under the ufual regulations.

Applications of executors and adminiftrators mult be accompanied with Legal Evidence of their refpective appointments, and of the time of the de-ccafe of the invalids whole penfions they may claim. Hereafter, all invalids on the penfion lift are to apply to the refpective Loan Offices for their pen-lions on theiifth of March and September in every year without further notice. By Order of the Prejider.t of the United Stater, TIMOTHY PICKERING, tertiary of f'ar..